Main Components of Laser Cutting Machines

Laser cutters work on the concepts of optics like reflection and amplification. The whole working of a laser cutting machine can be broken into two individual systems- the optical system and the mechanical system.

The optical system generates a high-powered laser beam for the cutting process. The mechanical system moves the laser beam around to create the desired shape. Parts of a basic laser cutting system are:

• Power Supply: The power source helps generate the light beam.

• Laser Resonator: A laser resonator is an assembly of mirrors. It reflects the light beam in the gain medium for amplification.

• Cutting Head: Cutting head focuses the laser beam on the desired point of contact.

• Mechanical System: The mechanical system involves motors and rails. They move the cutting head around the workpiece.
• Motion Control System: The motion control system directs the motors and arms on where to move the laser.

These are only the basic components of a laser cutting system. Modern commercial laser cutters have a lot more parts like cooling stations, dust extractors, and slag discharge systems.

Working Process of CNC Laser Cutting Machines

Laser machining technology offers a lot of different features for different industries. Regardless of features, the basic working process of most of these machines is the same. Here are the steps to the working of a CNC laser machine:

1. Loading the G-Code

The machine’s work starts when the operator loads the G-code on the system. The G-code instructs the laser cutting machines on the movement directions.

2. Generation of Laser Beam

Once the machine operation begins, the laser resonator generates the light beam. The process of laser generation can be different for various type of lasers. The color of laser can also be different. For instance, in CO2 lasers, laser generator emits an infrared light. This laser beam is entirely visible to human eyes